History Of Planting Date Palms In Iran

Planting date plant in Iran has a long history and Iran is one of the top producers of this fruit in the world. According to the World Food Organization (FAO), 15% of date production in the world belongs to Iran. Five provinces of Kerman, Khuzestan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Bushehr and Hormozgan have the highest area under date cultivation. There are over 3,000 known date cultivars in the world, most of which belong to Iran, of which 400 cultivars belong to Iran.

Botany Of Date Palms

Palm tree trunk

The date palm tree is a monocotyledonous plant and belongs to the palm genus and is native to tropical and subtropical regions. The trunk of this tree is made of the rest of the palm leaf fibers and is in the form of a vertical column, cylindrical, without any branches and has the same dimensions along the entire length of the trunk and its growth is always upward. The average diameter of a palm tree trunk is usually 40 to 50 cm, its height is 10 to 20 meters and its color is brown.

The roots of the date plant

Palm roots easily penetrate deep into the soil and spread over a wide area. In general, high density and the presence of primary roots in the depth causes the date palm to use the moisture of the lower depths of the soil and thus withstand water and drought stress. Therefore, one of the main reasons for the drought resistance of date trees is a plant.

Date leaves

The leaves of the palm tree are broad, long and very beautiful, and in terms of strength and ruggedness, they seem to be made of thick plastic. These leaves do not easily lose their moisture and do not break in the face of strong winds and storms. The lifespan of date leaves reaches 7 years.

Date fruit

There are many types of date fruits and they are often rectangular in shape with a dark brown skin that tends to be reddish or yellowish brown. The skin of the fruit becomes very thin and delicate after ripening. Date fruit is very sweet and has a single core and is very hard.

Interesting Facts About Date Palms

The date palm is long-lived, lasting between 100 and 200 years, but palms are generally cut before the age of one hundred, because at older ages the amount of fruit decreases so much that it is of little use to maintain these very old palms.

• Date is a plant with two bases and exists in both male and female forms. It is interesting to know that only the female palm tree bears fruit, but in order for the female trees to bear fruit, there must be a number of male trees in the grove to be pollinated.
• Palm tree has many applications in industry. Date leaves are used in the manufacture of mats and all kinds of weaving utensils, and its trunk and wood are used in chipboard and paper mills and to cover buildings and bridges.

Unlike other trees, if the top of a palm tree branch is cut off, the palm tree begins to dry out and is therefore likened to a human.

It is interesting to know that if you burn the palm tree wood, there is no charcoal.

• The palm tree bears fruit at the age of 16.

The watery palm tree needs water

Dates are very resistant to dehydration and seasonal rains are sufficient for the growth of this plant. However, irrigation of palm trees in different areas depends on the conditions in that area. Remember, dates can be grown in areas with mild winters and hot, dry summers for fruit ripening, and there is no rain or excessive moisture for 5 to 7 months from the time of pollination until the fruit is harvested.